{"id":6626,"date":"2016-09-27T16:43:20","date_gmt":"2016-09-27T16:43:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/multiacademstg.wpengine.com\/20000academy\/?p=6626"},"modified":"2025-03-07T12:05:14","modified_gmt":"2025-03-07T12:05:14","slug":"how-to-structure-iso20000-documentation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/advisera.com\/20000academy\/blog\/2016\/09\/27\/how-to-structure-iso20000-documentation\/","title":{"rendered":"How to structure ISO 20000 documentation"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Many people identify ISO standards with a bunch of documents. Well, I have to admit that I understand that concern. If you just started reading the ISO 20000 standard\u2019s requirements, it may seems that you will be busy with producing documents for some time. Maybe you will, but that\u2019s also an opportunity to do more than just \u201cproduce documents.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>First of all, when starting the <a href=\"https:\/\/advisera.com\/20000academy\/what-is-iso-20000\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ISO 20000<\/a>\u00a0implementation, you have to define your own approach toward documents, which needs to be created in the scope of your Service Management System (SMS) \u2013 what is needed (i.e., must have vs. nice to have), in which scope, in which order to write the documentation, etc. By doing that, you will make your life easier. So, let\u2019s see how to decide which documents are needed and how to structure the SMS documentation set.<\/p>\n<h2>What do I need?<\/h2>\n<p>ISO 20000 doesn\u2019t allow you to write the documents you\u2019d like to and omit the ones you don\u2019t. So, the logical question is \u2013 which documents do I need? To find the answer, ISO 20000 can be of great help. Why? Simply put, the standard requires that policies, plans, procedures, and records are documented. Further on, you will quite often find in the standard the word \u201cdocumented\u201d \u2013 meaning, you have to have recorded information for that requirement (either as a document or in the tool).<\/p>\n<p>ISO 20000 implementation, and the number of documents and records you need to create, depends on whether you use a tool or not. What\u2019s the trick? To be honest \u2013 there is no trick. If you have a tool, you will satisfy the need for recorded information (or documented information) for many ISO 20000 requirements. And, if you don\u2019t use a tool \u2013 OK, but you will need many more documents to fulfill all the requirements. For example, if you have a tool, that\u2019s where you will record your incidents and service requests. But, if you don\u2019t use a tool, then you have to find another way to record them (because it\u2019s required, as mandatory, by the standard). A spreadsheet will, at least for a smaller number of <a href=\"https:\/\/advisera.com\/20000academy\/iso-20000-documentation-toolkit\/?rel=resolution-and-fulfillment-processes&amp;doc=incident-record\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">incidents<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/advisera.com\/20000academy\/iso-20000-documentation-toolkit\/?rel=resolution-and-fulfillment-processes&amp;doc=service-request-record\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">service requests<\/a>, do.<br \/>\n<div id=\"middle-banner\" class=\"banner-shortcode\"><\/div><script>loadMiddleBanner();<\/script><br \/>\n<div id=\"side-banner-trigger\" class=\"banner-shortcode\"><\/div><\/p>\n<h2>The documentation set<\/h2>\n<p>When I first started implementing ISO standards, one of the main concerns was \u2013 the documentation. I considered ISO standards to be generators of (unnecessary) tons of documents. After a while, I realized that documentation does the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Clarifies \u2013 Documentation is used to set clear rules as to who, what, how, when, etc.<\/li>\n<li>Supports decisions \u2013 Whenever you are not sure of the right approach (e.g., in the scope of the <a href=\"https:\/\/advisera.com\/20000academy\/iso-20000-documentation-toolkit\/?rel=service-design-build-and-transition-processes&amp;doc=change-management-process\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Change Management process<\/a>) \u2013 check the documentation.<\/li>\n<li>Provides basis for improvement \u2013 Although it sounds like a buzzword, once you start documenting, e.g., procedures, you will start thinking about the activities, responsibilities, inputs, outputs, etc. And, very often, you will see that something can be done more efficiently.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-6627\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/sites\/6\/2016\/09\/Elements_of_SMS_documentation.png\" alt=\"elements_of_sms_documentation\" width=\"576\" height=\"334\" srcset=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2016\/09\/Elements_of_SMS_documentation.png 576w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2016\/09\/Elements_of_SMS_documentation-300x174.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 576px) 100vw, 576px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Figure: Important elements when structuring SMS documentation<\/em><\/p>\n<p>ISO 20000 does not require some particular approach for how to structure your SMS documentation. That\u2019s the good news. The bad news is that it requires documents and records for all processes in the scope of ISO 20000. Here are a few elements that are important, i.e., can be useful when you try to structure your SMS documentation:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Documentation structure \u2013 Make your policies, procedures, and process description from the same template. In this way, it will be easier to navigate throughout the <a href=\"https:\/\/advisera.com\/20000academy\/iso-20000-documentation-toolkit\/?rel=sms-related-documents&amp;doc=procedure-for-document-and-record-control\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">documentation<\/a>\u00a0set.<\/li>\n<li>Sequence \u2013 ISO 20000 consists of two major parts: SMS requirements and processes. That\u2019s also a good sequence when writing the documentation; i.e., make SMS setup-related documents first (e.g., <a href=\"https:\/\/advisera.com\/20000academy\/iso-20000-documentation-toolkit\/?rel=sms-related-documents&amp;doc=service-management-system-policy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SMS policy<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/advisera.com\/20000academy\/iso-20000-documentation-toolkit\/?rel=sms-related-documents&amp;doc=service-management-system-scope\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SMS scope<\/a>, etc.), then the process documents and lastly, the documents needed for internal audit and management review.<\/li>\n<li>Content \u2013 ISO 20000 defines some mandatory requirements for <a href=\"https:\/\/advisera.com\/20000academy\/iso-20000-documentation-toolkit\/?rel=sms-related-documents&amp;doc=service-management-system-policy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">policies<\/a>, i.e., procedures. This means that your, e.g., Change Management procedure needs to define how to handle emergency changes. That\u2019s the easier part because the standard explicitly sets requirements. But, you will also have to include some non-mandatory elements to make your procedures applicable to your organization. For example, the standard does not define how to trigger the <a href=\"https:\/\/advisera.com\/20000academy\/iso-20000-documentation-toolkit\/?rel=resolution-and-fulfillment-processes&amp;doc=incident-management-process\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Incident and Service Request Management process<\/a>. So, depending on your own situation, document it. That will make that process clear and unambiguous.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The number of documents and amount of details inside them will vary depending on the company size:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Smaller companies will try to make the fewest documents possible to avoid overkill. They will also combine policies and procedures as one single document.<\/li>\n<li>Larger companies are more complex in structure and the processes in place, so they will require more detailed documents. In some situations, policies will be stand-alone documents apart from the procedure description.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Document for the sake of \u2013 documents?<\/h2>\n<p>If you create documents just to have them on your list, i.e., because the standard requires that you have them, I have to tell you \u2013 you wasted a lot of effort. Even more than that, you missed the opportunity to set your processes in a managed, i.e., transparent and controlled way. What I prefer is the other way around \u2013 if I have to implement a certain process, it\u2019s in my best interest to make it as usable as possible.<\/p>\n<p>Such an approach is beneficial because, in such way, I have put in writing what we are living inside the SMS. In this way, I always get a better overview of how things are set, what is good, what could be improved, etc. My colleagues know exactly how we work and my users feel the effect of an organized and managed SMS. If that makes them happy and satisfied, I assume feedback from my management will make me even happier. Who wouldn\u2019t want that?<\/p>\n<p><em>To implement ISO 20000 easily and efficiently, use our<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/advisera.com\/20000academy\/iso-20000-documentation-toolkit\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ISO 20000 Documentation Toolkit<\/a> <em>that provides step-by-step guidance for full ISO 20000 compliance.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Many people identify ISO standards with a bunch of documents. Well, I have to admit that I understand that concern. If you just started reading the ISO 20000 standard\u2019s requirements, it may seems that you will be busy with producing documents for some time. Maybe you will, but that\u2019s also an opportunity to do more &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":6628,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[544,400,366,545],"class_list":["post-6626","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-documentation","tag-implementation","tag-iso-20000","tag-structure"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/advisera.com\/20000academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6626","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/advisera.com\/20000academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/advisera.com\/20000academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/advisera.com\/20000academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/advisera.com\/20000academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6626"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/advisera.com\/20000academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6626\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18198,"href":"https:\/\/advisera.com\/20000academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6626\/revisions\/18198"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/advisera.com\/20000academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6628"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/advisera.com\/20000academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6626"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/advisera.com\/20000academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6626"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/advisera.com\/20000academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6626"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}